Shipping dangerous goods internationally can seem like navigating a labyrinth of regulations and safety concerns. Whether you’re shipping lithium batteries or chemicals essential for industrial processes, ensuring the safe transport of these items is paramount. At DHL Express, we understand the intricacies of dangerous goods shipping and are committed to providing reliable and compliant solutions. In this guide, we'll shed light on the key aspects of shipping dangerous goods, equipping you with the knowledge needed to navigate this complex landscape.
What are dangerous goods (DG)?
Dangerous goods encompass a wide array of substances and articles that pose potential risks to health, safety, property, or the environment during transportation. These can range from explosives and flammable gases to radioactive materials and infectious substances. To ensure standardised safety measures, dangerous goods are categorised into nine classifications based on their primary hazard:
- Explosives
- Gases
- Flammable liquids
- Flammable solids
- Oxidising substances and organic peroxides
- Toxic and infectious substances
- Radioactive material
- Corrosive substances
- Miscellaneous dangerous goods
Regulations for shipping dangerous goods
Both international and local regulations govern the transportation of dangerous goods. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR) provide a globally recognised framework for air transport, detailing how to classify, package, label, and document hazardous materials for air freight. The International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code serves a similar purpose for sea transport, outlining comprehensive guidelines for the safe carriage of dangerous goods by sea.
In Japan, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport, and Tourism (MLIT) enforces specific regulations for dangerous goods shipping. These regulations align with international standards but may have additional requirements or restrictions. For instance, the MLIT mandates specific labelling and marking requirements for hazardous materials transported within Japan, ensuring clear identification and communication of potential hazards.
Furthermore, the Fire Service Act in Japan regulates the storage and handling of dangerous goods to prevent accidents and protect public safety. These local regulations play a crucial role in maintaining a safe and secure environment for both shippers and the general public.
Important considerations for shipping each class of dangerous goods
Each class of dangerous goods necessitates specific handling and packaging procedures to mitigate risks during transportation.
- Class 1 - Explosives: Shipping explosives internationally requires stringent security measures, including specialised containers, secure storage facilities, and compliance with strict documentation and declaration procedures.
- Class 2 - Gases: Flammable gases, such as propane and butane, must be transported in cylinders or tanks that meet specific pressure and leakage standards. Non-flammable and toxic gases, like compressed nitrogen or chlorine, necessitate specialised containers and handling procedures to prevent leaks and ensure safe transportation.
- Class 3 - Flammable liquids: Flammable liquids, such as paints, solvents, and fuels, require packaging that prevents leaks and ignition. This may involve using UN-certified containers, absorbent materials, and proper labelling to indicate the flammable nature of the contents.
- Class 4 - Flammable solids, substances liable to spontaneous combustion, substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases 4.1/4.2/4.3: Flammable solids, like matches, sulphur, and certain types of coal, must be packaged to prevent ignition and potential reactions with other substances. Packaging may include sturdy outer containers, inner packaging to prevent friction, and labelling that highlights the flammability hazard.
- Class 5 - Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides 5.1 / 5.2: These substances can readily release oxygen, potentially intensifying fires or causing explosions. They must be separated from flammable materials and packaged in containers that prevent leaks and reactions.
- Class 6 - Toxic and Infectious Substances 6.1/6.2: Toxic substances, like pesticides and certain chemicals, require packaging that prevents leaks and exposure to humans or the environment. Infectious substances, such as medical waste and biological samples, necessitate specialised packaging and handling to prevent contamination.
- Class 7 - Radioactive material: Shipping radioactive materials demands specialised shielding to contain radiation and prevent exposure. Packaging must meet strict regulatory standards, and detailed documentation is required to track the movement of radioactive materials.
- Class 8 - Corrosive substances: Corrosive substances, like acids and alkalis, can damage human tissue and other materials. Packaging must be resistant to corrosion and prevent leaks, ensuring the safe transport of these hazardous materials.
- Class 9 - Miscellaneous dangerous goods: This class encompasses a variety of substances and articles that pose hazards not covered by other classes, such as lithium batteries, dry ice, and environmentally hazardous substances. Specific packaging and handling requirements vary depending on the nature of the miscellaneous dangerous goods.
By understanding the unique requirements of each dangerous goods class and adhering to both international and local regulations, shippers can ensure the safe and compliant transportation of hazardous materials.
Key requirements to be an approved shipper of dangerous goods
Becoming an approved shipper of dangerous goods involves fulfilling several crucial requirements. Firstly, personnel handling dangerous goods must undergo IATA-certified training specific to the categories being shipped. This ensures that individuals possess the expertise to manage and mitigate potential risks.
DHL Express also has a pre-registration process in place, whereby we will only accept dangerous goods from customers who have confirmed that they meet the necessary requirements.
Secondly, proper packaging – such as HAZMAT packaging – is paramount. Dangerous goods packaging must be designed to contain the contents, prevent leaks, withstand transportation stresses, and meet specific regulatory standards. Labelling and documentation are equally vital, providing clear identification of the contents and necessary hazard communication.
Before shipping, a thorough product check is essential to verify that the item aligns with the agreed-upon specifications and regulations. Lastly, considering the destination country's customs and regulations is crucial for seamless delivery.
What you need to know:
- The Shipper is legally responsible for compliance
- Not all Dangerous goods can be accepted by DHL Express
- Dangerous goods shipments require prior registration and pre-approval with a DHL Express account
- DHL Express will accept Dangerous Goods under certain restrictions and conditions, including being notified in advance of intent to ship
- Dangerous Goods shipments are subject to additional charges
Exceptions in shipping dangerous goods
In certain instances, seemingly innocuous items might be classified as dangerous goods due to their specific properties or quantities, leading to unique dangerous goods shipping requirements. For example, lithium batteries, commonly found in electronics, can pose a fire hazard if damaged or improperly handled, thus necessitating compliance with specific packaging and labelling regulations. Aerosols, often used in household products and cosmetics, contain pressurised gases that can be flammable or explosive under certain conditions, making them subject to dangerous goods regulations. Even perfumes, due to their alcohol content, might be considered flammable liquids, especially in larger quantities.
Understanding these nuances is crucial for ensuring the safe and compliant transportation of all goods, even those that may not appear inherently hazardous. It's essential to remember that dangerous goods classification isn't solely based on the primary nature of a product but also on its potential to cause harm during transit.
In such cases, the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) becomes an indispensable tool. This document provides a comprehensive overview of a substance's chemical composition, potential hazards, safe handling procedures, and emergency response measures. By consulting the MSDS, shippers can accurately determine whether a product falls under dangerous goods regulations and take the necessary precautions to ensure its safe transportation.
How DHL Express safely ships dangerous goods
At DHL Express, Our team of trained experts possesses in-depth knowledge of dangerous goods regulations and can guide you through the entire shipping process. We ensure seamless end-to-end handling, adhering to stringent safety protocols and regulatory compliance at every step.
Our experience and logistics expertise handling dangerous goods ensures that we cater to the unique needs of each shipment, ensuring the safe and timely delivery of potentiallyhazardous materials. Whether it's by air or sea, we leverage our extensive network and logistical expertise to streamline your international shipping experience.
Ensure the safety of your shipment from Japan today by opening a DHL Express business account or contact us to find out more.
FAQs on shipping dangerous goods internationally
Commonly shipped dangerous goods include lithium batteries (found in electronics), flammable liquids (such as paints and adhesives), and various chemicals used in industrial processes.
Packaging for dangerous goods must meet specific standards outlined in regulations like the IATA DGR and IMDG Code. These often involve UN-certified containers, inner packaging to prevent leaks, and outer packaging to withstand transportation stresses.
Yes, due to the specialised handling and safety measures required, additional surcharges often apply to dangerous goods shipments.
Engaging a reputable logistics provider like DHL Express can greatly simplify compliance. Our experts stay abreast of the latest regulations and ensure your shipments adhere to all necessary requirements.
Improper packaging or labelling can lead to delays, fines, or even rejection of the shipment. Following regulations meticulously is crucial for a smooth shipping experience.
